Why biodiversity matters  

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in the forest, from soil organisms and fungi to trees, birds and mammals. Each species contributes to the balance that keeps ecosystems functioning.

At Holmen, biodiversity and production go hand in hand. Our long-term forest management balances growth, regeneration and protection, ensuring that naturally occurring species can thrive while securing renewable raw materials for the future.

Our work to protect biodiversity

Biodiversity depends on many different forest environments. To maintain this variety, some areas must be left for nature. In Sweden, around 25 per cent of the forest is exempted from forestry activities. At Holmen, about 10 per cent of our forests are low-productive areas excluded by law, another 10 per cent is left unharvested for environmental consideration, and approximately 5 per cent are voluntary set-asides.

Safeguarding habitats and natural features

We preserve key habitats, protect wetlands and watercourses, and retain valuable trees and deadwood that provide food and shelter for many species. Non-productive land such as bogs, marshes and rocky outcrops is left untouched, as these sites often contain rare plants, fungi and insects that need stable conditions to survive.

Active nature conservation management

Biodiversity conservation at Holmen involves active care rather than leaving forests untouched. Our foresters are trained to recognise valuable habitats and apply environmental measures such as:

  • Leaving buffer zones of trees and shrubs along watercourses and wetlands.
  • Retaining large old trees, high stumps and deadwood to support insects and fungi.
  • Using prescribed burning or selective clearing to promote deciduous trees.
  • Creating or restoring wetlands to strengthen ecological diversity.

Holmen Skog also manages knowledge forests, areas selected for their biological potential, where at least half of the productive land holds high conservation value. These forests serve as living examples and research sites showing how sustainable forestry can strengthen biodiversity.

Measuring progress and continuous learning

We track biodiversity through measurable indicators developed with the Swedish National Forest Inventory. These include the proportion of old forest, deadwood volume and the presence of broadleaved trees. The results show positive trends, with biodiversity indicators improving steadily over time, confirming that sustainable forestry and ecosystem protection can work together.

Each year we invest close to € 17 million in caring for our forests and consistently work to improve everything from seedling to nature conservation. The Holmen Group conducts projects with researchers, authorities and environmental organisations to expand knowledge and refine our practices. Our work is guided by a commitment to continuous improvement, ensuring that biodiversity protection evolves with new science and forest management practices.